The term "social contract theory" refers to a philosophical concept that posits that individuals consent to form a society and abide by its rules in exchange for protection of their natural rights. Thinkers like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau articulated different versions of this theory. It examines the legitimacy of governmental authority and the moral foundations of political obligation. Social contract theory underlines the relationship between individuals and the state, where people agree to give up certain freedoms for collective security and welfare.