An executive agreement is a diplomatic contract between the U.S. president and foreign governments. Unlike treaties, executive agreements do not require Senate approval, making them a more streamlined option for the president to engage in international relations. They can cover a range of issues, from trade deals to military cooperation, and are used frequently to address urgent or time-sensitive matters. However, executive agreements can also raise concerns about transparency and accountability, as they bypass the more formal treaty process that involves broader legislative oversight.