“The separation of church and state” refers to the principle that government institutions and religious institutions should be kept distinct and independent from each other. This concept aims to prevent the government from favoring or discriminating against any particular religion, ensuring freedom of religion for all citizens. In practice, this separation upholds the ethical and legal framework enabling diverse beliefs to coexist peacefully while safeguarding public policy from being influenced by religious doctrine. This principle is a cornerstone of many democratic societies, ensuring that governance remains secular.