The Electoral College is crucial in U.S. politics as it formally elects the President. Established in the Constitution, it balances power between populous states and less populated ones, ensuring that all regions have a voice. By allocating a certain number of electoral votes to each state based on its representation in Congress, it influences campaign strategies, leading candidates to focus on swing states. This mechanism can result in a situation where the popular vote does not align with the electoral outcome, raising questions about democratic representation. Its continuing presence reflects ongoing debates about electoral reform and voter engagement in the democratic process.