The process by which a political party nominates its candidates for public office is known as a primary election or nominating convention. In primary elections, party members vote to select their preferred candidate, which can be done through various types, including open, closed, or semi-closed primaries. Nominating conventions are gatherings where delegates formally select the party's candidate, often showcasing party unity. This process is critical as it determines which candidates will compete in the general election and reflects the party's ideological stance and voter preferences.