The significance of the separation of powers doctrine lies in its ability to prevent abuse of power within government. By dividing authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, this principle ensures that no single entity holds unchecked control. Each branch functions independently, providing checks and balances that uphold democracy and the rule of law. This structure not only protects individual freedoms but also promotes accountability and transparency in governance. The separation of powers is vital for fostering a balanced and fair political system.