The U.S. Supreme Court plays a fundamental role in federalism by interpreting the Constitution and adjudicating disputes between states and the federal government. As the highest court in the United States, it has the authority to uphold or overturn laws based on their constitutionality, ensuring a balance of power. By examining legal challenges related to state rights and federal authority, the Supreme Court helps delineate the boundaries of governmental powers. Its decisions can significantly shape the interaction between state and national interests, impacting the broader interpretation of federalism in American governance.