The document that outlines the fundamental principles and framework of a government is typically known as a constitution. A constitution serves as the supreme law of the land, establishing the structure, powers, and responsibilities of government institutions while protecting individual rights. It provides the legal foundation for governance and sets the parameters within which political processes occur. Constitutions may vary in their specific provisions, but they generally aim to promote stability, justice, and the rule of law, ensuring that governments operate according to a defined set of principles agreed upon by the populace.