The type of electoral system that requires voters to rank candidates in order of preference is called a ranked-choice voting system or preferential voting. In this system, voters list candidates based on their preference, allowing for a more nuanced expression of support. If a candidate receives a majority of first-choice votes, they win outright. If not, the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated, and their votes are redistributed based on the voters’ next preferences. This process continues until a candidate achieves a majority, fostering more representative outcomes and reducing wasted votes.