In chemistry, the pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating acidic conditions, 7 being neutral, and values above 7 representing alkalinity. This logarithmic scale reflects the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution. Understanding pH is crucial in various fields, including biochemistry, agriculture, and environmental science, as it can affect chemical reactions and biological processes. Maintaining appropriate pH levels is vital for the health of ecosystems and organisms.