Bioremediation is the process of using living organisms, primarily microbes, to remove or neutralize contaminants from the environment. This technique is particularly effective for treating soil and water polluted with hazardous substances like heavy metals, oil spills, and industrial waste. Through natural metabolic processes, these organisms can degrade or transform harmful pollutants into less toxic forms, promoting environmental restoration. Bioremediation offers a sustainable alternative to traditional cleanup methods, as it often utilizes naturally occurring organisms and can be more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.