The primary driver of water pollution in agricultural regions is the runoff from fertilizers and pesticides. These substances often contain high levels of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, which can lead to eutrophication in nearby water bodies. This, in turn, causes a decline in water quality and threatens aquatic life through oxygen depletion. Additionally, soil erosion from agricultural practices contributes sediment and contaminants to streams and rivers, further compounding pollution issues. Effective agricultural management practices are crucial to mitigate these impacts.