The primary focus of forest ecology is to understand the interactions between trees, their environment, and other organisms within forest ecosystems. This field studies various elements, including species composition, biodiversity, and ecological processes such as succession, nutrient cycling, and energy flow. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for managing forest health and promoting resilience against threats like climate change and pests. Additionally, forest ecology informs conservation practices aimed at preserving forest ecosystems' ecological functions and biodiversity, highlighting their importance in regulating global climate and supporting wildlife.