The primary purpose of cross-pollination in plants is to facilitate genetic diversity. By transferring pollen from one flower to another, plants can produce offspring with varied traits, enhancing their ability to adapt to environmental changes. This process increases genetic variation, which is vital for resilience against diseases and changing climates. Cross-pollination is primarily achieved by pollinators, such as bees, birds, and wind, further contributing to healthy ecosystems through the promotion of biodiversity.