The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy is called photosynthesis. In this biological process, chlorophyll within chloroplasts captures light energy, facilitating the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The glucose produced serves as an energy source for the plant, supporting growth and development. Photosynthesis is crucial not just for plants but also for life on Earth, as it produces oxygen, enhances atmospheric balance, and is the foundation of most food chains. Overall, photosynthesis is essential for sustaining ecosystems.