Trace elements play vital roles in biological systems as essential nutrients that organisms require in minute amounts. These elements, such as iron, zinc, and copper, act as cofactors for enzymes, supporting vital metabolic processes. For example, iron is critical for oxygen transport in hemoglobin, while zinc is essential for DNA synthesis and immune function. Despite their necessity in small quantities, a deficiency or excess of these trace elements can lead to significant health issues. Thus, understanding their functions helps in nutrition and disease prevention strategies.