The scientific name for the powerhouse of a cell is mitochondrion. Mitochondria are organelles responsible for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell, through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. They play a crucial role in cellular respiration, converting nutrients into usable energy. Additionally, mitochondria are involved in regulating cell metabolism, apoptosis, and other vital metabolic pathways. Understanding their function is essential for insights into energy production and various metabolic diseases.