The significance of ecological genetics in conservation biology lies in its ability to determine genetic diversity within populations, which is critical for species’ adaptability to changing environments. It enables conservationists to assess population viability, inbreeding depression, and the potential for evolutionary responses to stressors. By understanding genetic structures, strategies can be developed to enhance gene flow between isolated populations, facilitating the preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem resilience. Ultimately, ecological genetics underpins effective conservation management interventions.