Studying the role of sanitation in public health is significant because it directly impacts disease prevention, health outcomes, and overall community well-being. Proper sanitation reduces the spread of pathogens and enhances the quality of water supplies, thus improving health. Inadequate sanitation contributes to the prevalence of infectious diseases, which disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Effective sanitation practices can lead to reduced healthcare costs, improved economic productivity, and better educational outcomes, especially for children. Hence, understanding sanitation's role supports the development of policies aimed at enhancing public health in diverse settings.