The term for a biological community of interacting organisms and their environment is called an ecosystem. An ecosystem encompasses both biotic factors, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, and abiotic factors, including soil, water, and climate. Interactions within an ecosystem involve complex relationships, including predation, competition, and symbiosis. Ecosystems can vary in size and complexity, from small ponds to vast forests. Understanding ecosystems is vital for conservation efforts, biodiversity studies, and addressing environmental issues like climate change.