The term for organisms that can tolerate and thrive in extreme environments is extremophiles. These unique organisms exist in habitats with extreme conditions, such as high temperatures, acidity, salinity, or pressure. Extremophiles can be found in places like deep-sea vents, acidic hot springs, and salt lakes. Their adaptation mechanisms provide insights into evolutionary biology and have applications in biotechnology, such as the development of heat-stable enzymes for industrial processes, highlighting their ecological and practical significance.