The term for the conversion of light energy to chemical energy is photosynthesis. This process occurs primarily in plants, algae, and some bacteria, where chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and converts it along with carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This biochemical conversion is fundamental for life on Earth as it provides the primary energy source for nearly all ecosystems, laying the groundwork for the food chain. Through photosynthesis, organisms capture sunlight's energy and transform it into a usable form, which supports both primary producers and consumers in various habitats.