The term for the process by which organisms adapt to their environment is known as evolution through natural selection. This process occurs over generations, whereby individuals with advantageous traits for survival and reproduction pass those traits to their offspring. As environmental conditions fluctuate, these adaptations enable species to thrive and maintain their ecological roles. Evolutionary biology studies these processes, enhancing our understanding of biodiversity and species interactions. Research in this area can inform conservation strategies to protect vulnerable species and ecosystems facing rapid changes.