The term for the process of converting solar energy into chemical energy is called photosynthesis. This process occurs primarily in plants, algae, and some bacteria, where solar energy is harnessed to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The main site for photosynthesis is the chloroplast, which contains chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for capturing sunlight. Photosynthesis is fundamental for life on Earth, as it provides the energy needed for growth and sustenance across ecosystems and serves as the basis for the food chain. Furthermore, it produces oxygen vital for aerobic organisms.