The major health risk associated with high levels of particulate matter in the air is respiratory disease. Fine particulate matter can penetrate deep into the lungs, causing inflammation, aggravating asthma, and increasing the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Long-term exposure can also affect cardiovascular health and overall quality of life. Addressing air quality and reducing particulate matter is crucial for public health, requiring coordinated efforts in policy and environmental management.