The type of energy transformed during photosynthesis is primarily light energy. In this process, green plants, algae, and some bacteria capture sunlight using the pigment chlorophyll within chloroplasts. This light energy is then converted into chemical energy stored in the form of glucose through a series of reactions. Photosynthesis not only produces energy for the plant but also releases oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for the survival of aerobic organisms. Understanding photosynthesis is crucial as it serves as the foundation for life on Earth, supporting food chains and ecosystems.