The type of information scientists gather through observation includes both qualitative and quantitative data about natural phenomena. Observational methods involve systematically watching and recording behaviors, interactions, or environmental conditions without direct manipulation. This approach is fundamental in various scientific fields, including biology, astronomy, and social science, where it can yield insights into patterns and relationships. Observational data can be used to generate hypotheses, identify trends, or draw conclusions based on evidence. Careful and objective observation ensures validity and reliability in scientific research.