Autonomous drones utilize navigational systems that integrate GPS technology with various sensors, including lidar, cameras, and inertial measurement units. These systems work by gathering real-time data about their environment, allowing the drone to create a 3D map of its surroundings. Using computer vision algorithms, the drones detect obstacles and evaluate changes in terrain. They also rely on machine learning to improve their flight paths and decision-making abilities over time, enabling safe and efficient navigation without human intervention.