Computer graphics create 3D environments through a combination of mathematical modeling, rendering, and texturing techniques. The process begins with the construction of 3D models using vertices and polygons to form shapes. These models are then enhanced with lighting and shadows to simulate realism. Rendering techniques, like ray tracing and rasterization, transform these models into 2D images displayed on screens. Finally, textures and materials are applied to give surfaces color and detail, resulting in immersive and visually appealing 3D environments used in video games, simulations, and films.