In smart home technology, sensors function by detecting and responding to environmental stimuli. They collect data related to factors such as temperature, light, motion, and humidity, which is then transmitted to a central hub or cloud service for analysis. For example, motion sensors can trigger security cameras or lighting systems, while temperature sensors might adjust a thermostat. These sensors enhance home automation, providing convenience, energy efficiency, and security. By facilitating real-time responses and remote control via smartphone apps, sensors play a crucial role in creating intelligent home ecosystems.