A wireless mesh network operates through a decentralized architecture where each node connects to multiple other nodes, allowing data to be transmitted across the network without a central hub. This configuration enhances network coverage and redundancy, as multiple routes can be utilized for data transfer. If one node fails, data can reroute through alternate paths. Wireless mesh networks are particularly effective for large areas or challenging terrains, providing consistent connectivity and enabling applications in smart cities, disaster recovery, and IoT implementations.