Remote sensing technology gathers environmental data by capturing information about physical objects or areas from a distance, typically using satellites or aircraft. This process involves the use of sensors that detect and measure electromagnetic waveforms, such as visible light, infrared, and microwave radiation. The data collected can include various environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and vegetation cover. Once processed, this information helps in monitoring changes in the environment, managing natural resources, and conducting scientific research on climate change and land use.