A blockchain ledger is characterized by its decentralization, where data is stored across multiple nodes, ensuring that no single entity has control over the entire system. This technology employs cryptographic techniques to secure transactions, making them immutable and transparent. Each block contains a list of transactions linked to previous blocks, creating a chronological chain. This structure enhances trust among participants by providing a verifiable history of transactions. Moreover, the incorporation of consensus mechanisms, like proof-of-work, ensures the integrity of the data without needing a central authority.