Common security protocols used in wireless networks include WPA2, WPA3, and WEP. WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access II) offers stronger encryption than WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), making it the preferred choice for securing wireless networks. WPA3 further enhances security with improved encryption methods and simplified protection for public networks. Implementing these protocols ensures that wireless connections are safeguarded against unauthorized access and potential threats. Regularly updating security settings and monitoring network traffic are also critical practices to maintain a secure wireless environment.