Tablets and laptops differ primarily in their form factor, operating system, and functionality. Tablets are typically smaller, more portable, and utilize a touchscreen interface, making them suitable for casual use. They often run mobile operating systems, whereas laptops are larger, with physical keyboards and trackpads, designed for more intensive tasks. Laptops generally run full operating systems like Windows or macOS, supporting complex software and multitasking. Additionally, laptops often have more powerful hardware options, while tablets excel in convenience and battery life.