The key differences between HTTP and HTTPS lie in security and encryption. HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is an unsecured protocol used for transmitting data over the web. In contrast, HTTPS (HTTP Secure) incorporates an additional layer of security through SSL/TLS encryption, protecting user data during transmission. This means that sensitive information, such as passwords and credit card numbers, is safeguarded against eavesdropping and tampering with HTTPS. Furthermore, HTTPS provides verification of website authenticity, increasing user trust.