Algorithm design in computer science involves creating a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a task efficiently. This process requires understanding the problem space, analyzing the requirements, and developing a systematic approach that optimally utilizes resources such as time and memory. Common techniques in algorithm design include divide-and-conquer, dynamic programming, and greedy strategies. A well-designed algorithm not only ensures accurate results but also enhances performance in terms of execution speed and resource utilization. Effective algorithm design is fundamental for creating efficient software applications and systems.