Data migration involves transferring data between storage systems, databases, or formats during system upgrades. This process is crucial for maintaining data integrity and accessibility in a new environment. It entails several steps, including data extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL). Careful planning and execution are essential to minimize downtime and ensure that all data is accurately moved and functional in the upgraded system. Effective data migration strategies reduce risks of data loss and enhance system performance, making it a vital component of any technology upgrade initiative.