What does "data normalization" refer to in database design?
Data normalization in database design is the process of organizing data to minimize redundancy and improve data integrity. This involves dividing a database into tables and establishing relationships between them, based on normal forms that dictate specific criteria for data organization. By removing duplicate data and ensuring each piece of information is stored in only one place, normalization enhances data consistency and reduces the chance of anomalies during data operations. The ultimate goal is to create an efficient, scalable database structure that ensures the reliability of stored data.