The term "technology stack" in software development refers to the combination of programming languages, frameworks, libraries, and tools used to build and run applications. A typical stack consists of a frontend and backend along with a database and server management tools. For example, a popular stack might include JavaScript for the frontend, Node.js for the backend, and MongoDB for the database. Choosing the right technology stack is critical for application performance, scalability, and maintainability, making it a foundational aspect of modern software development.