The acronym CPU stands for Central Processing Unit. It is often referred to as the brain of a computer, as it handles all arithmetic, logical, and control tasks. The CPU executes instructions from computer programs by performing calculations and managing data flow within the system. Integrated circuits and microprocessors are typical forms of CPUs found in modern devices. Given its critical role in processing information, a CPU's performance directly impacts the speed and efficiency of a computer, affecting user experience across applications.