The backbone of the internet infrastructure is the global network of servers and data centers connected through various transmission mediums (e.g., fiber optics). This system facilitates the transfer of data packets across networks, employing standardized protocols like TCP/IP for communication. Major players, including telecommunications companies, maintain the physical networks that support internet connectivity. The decentralized nature of this architecture allows for redundancy and resilience, ensuring data can be rerouted in case of failure, thereby maintaining the functionality of the internet.