An integrated circuit (IC) in electronics functions as a compact assembly of electronic components, typically composed of transistors, diodes, and resistors, all embedded within a single chip. This miniaturization allows for reduced size, weight, and cost compared to traditional assemblies consisting of discrete components. ICs are fundamental in modern devices, enabling complex operations within computers, smartphones, and various electronic systems while enhancing performance and energy efficiency. They are crucial for modern technology, facilitating rapid advancements in electronic innovation.