The role of sensor technology in smart agriculture is to gather real-time data about soil conditions, weather patterns, and crop health. These sensors provide critical insights that enable farmers to make informed decisions regarding irrigation, fertilization, and pest control. By using technologies like IoT and data analytics, farmers can optimize resource usage, increase yields, and reduce environmental impact. Additionally, sensor technology supports precision agriculture, allowing for targeted interventions that enhance productivity. Altogether, these innovations lead to more sustainable farming practices and improved food security.