To measure the speed of internet connections, tools called speed test applications are utilized. These applications evaluate the connection by measuring download and upload speeds, as well as latency. Popular examples include Ookla Speedtest and Fast.com. By sending packets of data to a server and back, these tests provide insights into the performance of a user's internet service provider (ISP). Understanding internet speed is crucial for optimizing online activities such as streaming, gaming, and video conferencing, helping users choose suitable service plans.