The programming concept that allows for code reuse and organization in software development is object-oriented programming (OOP). OOP techniques such as inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism enable developers to create modular code that can be reused across different parts of applications. By structuring code into classes and objects, developers can simplify maintenance and enhance code clarity. This leads to increased efficiency, as modifications can be made in a single location rather than throughout the entire codebase. Overall, OOP fosters better organization and streamlines the development process.