The programming paradigm based on the concept of objects is called object-oriented programming (OOP). In OOP, software is organized around data, or objects, rather than functions and logic. Each object can encapsulate state (data) and behavior (methods), promoting reuse and modularity. Key principles of OOP include inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism, which enhance code organization and manageability. Popular programming languages that support this paradigm include Java, C++, and Python.