The technology that allows for the transfer of data over fiber optic cables is based on the principles of light transmission. This involves encoding data into light signals, which traverse through the glass fibers, enabling high-speed data communication with minimal loss. This technology supports various applications, including internet service, television signals, and telecommunication systems, due to its capacity for handling large bandwidths and long-distance transmissions. Hence, fiber optics play a pivotal role in modern communication infrastructure.