The technology that underpins peer-to-peer file sharing typically involves protocols like BitTorrent and decentralized networks. These systems allow users to share and download files directly from each other's devices without relying on central servers. This decentralization improves efficiency and reduces the risk of server overload. Peer-to-peer sharing is often associated with media distribution, such as music or video, but also has legitimate applications including collaborative projects and the distribution of open-source software.