The type of software that allows users to manage and analyze geographic data is called a Geographic Information System (GIS). GIS software enables users to visualize, interpret, and analyze data related to the earth’s surface and spatial information. Common applications include urban planning, environmental management, transportation mapping, and resource management. The ability to overlay data on maps enhances decision-making processes by providing valuable insights and visual representations of complex geographic patterns and relationships, which can support better planning and strategic initiatives.